Germanium 32

Atomic No. Order:

Alphabetic Order:

Periodic Table

2, 8, 18,

C
6

Si
14

Ge
32

Sn
50

Pb
82

Uuq
114

Uhq
164

Buq
214

Germanium

Symbol

Atomic Number

Relative Atomic Mass
¹²C = 12.0000

72.64 (±1) [Since 1999]

Atomic Radius
pm

123

First Ionisation Energy
kJ mol ^-1

762.1

Ionisation Energy (eV)

7.8994

Electronegativity

2.01

Density
kg m ^-3

5323 [293 K]
5490 [m.p.]

Molar Volume
cm ³

13.64

Thermal Conductivity
W m ^-1 K ^-1

59.9 [300 K]

Melting Point
K

1210.6

Boiling Point
K

3103

Number of Isotopes

Isotope Atomic mass/u Mole fraction

70Ge 69.924 2500(19) 0.2038(18)
72Ge 71.922 0763(16) 0.2731(26)
73Ge 72.923 4595(16) 0.0776(8)
74Ge 73.921 1784(16) 0.3672(15)
76Ge 75.921 4029(16) 0.0783(7)

Inner + outer Shells

Inner + outer Orbitals

Filling Orbital

4p ²

Ground State Electron
Configuration

[Ar]

3d ¹⁰

4s ²

4p ²

Ground State Electron
Configuration with
free Orbitals (n=4)

0, 0, 0, 4

Ground State Electron
Configuration with
compressed Orbitals (n=24)

0, 0, 0, 24

Singularity

	s	p		d	f	g	h	i	j
1	2
2	2	6
3	2	6		10
4	2	2	4	10	14
5
6
7

Term Symbol

³P ₀

Discovery

It was discovered and isolated by the German chemist, Clemens-Alexander Winkler (Freiberg, Germany) in 1886 in the mineral argyrodite.

Name Derived From

Latin Germania meaning 'Germany'

APSIDIUM ©	Created:		2002-06-01		032.pdf
	Page update:		2004-12-12		032.pdf